,,,fiza pa?an's t1*+ portfolio = pgcite,
'

,8,,,los+ e>?3 a rec5t hi/ory,0 by na?an
iel ri*3 book review,'

,,s|rce3 fizapa?an/1*+portfolio=pgcite4c
om_/blog_/los+-e>?-a-rec5t-hi/ory-by-na?
aniel-ri*-book-review_/

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,,website3 ,,fizapa?an/1*+portfolio=pgci
te4,,com

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,8,,,los+ e>?3 a rec5t hi/ory,0 by na?an
iel ri*3 book review,'

,li/5 to ,? ,page

,free br{s} audio ,- uses yr device's bu
ilt-9 text-to-spee*4 ,no d{nload requir$
4

,r1dy4

,"ws 9 ,*rome1 ,$ge1 ,saf>i1 & ,firefox4
 ,h9di & ,sanskrit ~ws may 2 approximat$
 9 pronuncia;n4

,title ( ! ,book3 ,los+ ,e>?3 ,a ,rec5t 
,hi/ory

,au?or3 ,na?aniel ,ri*

,publi%}3 ,,mcd "<,f>r>1 ,/raus & ,gir|x
">

,publica;n ,ye>3 #bjai

,pages3 #bjf pgs4

,,isbn3 #igh-#j-#cgd-#aiacc-#g

,age ,gr|p3 ,,ibdp1 ,,z & ,a ,level & ,,
igcse

,g5re3 ,sci;e_/,5viron;t_/,politics ,non
-,fic;n

,,ibdp & ,,igcse ,subjects ,cov}$3 ,glob
al ,p}spectives1 ,global ,politics1 ,hi/
ory & ,sociology

,review ,writt5 ,by3 ,fiza ,pa?an

,,9troduc;n

,global ,w>m+ is n a l;g-t}m e6ect t ,8w
 happ5,0 or is "s?+ t w 2 a ,8=ese1ble f
uture,04 ,global ,w>m+ is happ5+ z we sp
1k1 & any"o :o tells y o!rwise is und|bt
$ly a pro :o has be5 manipulat+ ! facts 
= decades z a ,8ma/} gasli<t},0 "<g figu
re6">4 ,? is 2c x is ridicul|s to say t 
"! isn't any?+ l ,global ,w>m+ :5 y >e s
itt+ "! 9 yr man.n & typ+ t v s5t;e on y
r ;,x "<,twitt}"> or ,facebook a3.t 9 ! 
f/ place4 ,af all1 y cd n g | 2c yr c;y 
or t{n 0 on orange al}t 2c ( a simple ra
9/orm or sn{/orm6

,y wd n h be5 sitt+ "! 9 yr man.n typ+ a
b "! ,8n 2+ global w>m+,0 if "! 0 no ora
nge al}t1 p}iod4 ,y wd 2 moo*+ ab wa/+ !
 rema9+ "p ( yr exi/;e do+ o!r ?+s l get
t+ m be} = ! freez}1 fix+ yr golf club "
<t 9corrigible driv} & w$ge6">1 or eat+ 
an alligator f ! local d9}4 ,b ! fact t 
y got sc>$ ab yr life & wi%$ to /ick x |
 at home r ?an risk yrf |tdoors 9dicates
 t y >e aw>e t "s?+ is n "r4 ,t "ey?+ is
 n z x 0 #bj or ev5 #be ye>s ago4 ,! w1!
r & climate h bo? *ang$1 & *ang$ = ! wor
se4 ,y don't ne$ a satellite or two or a
 rocket to g | ( space to tell y t4 ,y c
 see x 9 yr p}petual ra9 & sn{ /orms2 y 
c feel x 9 ! n"e-5d+ h1t-wave ( ! tropic
s2 y c he> x 9 ! multiple cycl"os & hurr
icanes t 3/antly foll{ yr pa?2 y c ta/e 
x 9 yr 4gu/+ ov} *lor9at$ dr9k+ wat} 2c 
yr tank wat} 0 s pollut$ t ! only way x 
0 fit to 2 3sum$ 0 by p|r+ a :ole lot ( 
49fectant 9 x2 y c smell x "<! g>bage"> 
"s"ts 2c o!rwise yr nose is alw block$ 2
c y >e p}petually hav+ ! flu1 ,9flu5za1 
! viral1 ,sw9e ,flu1 ,bird ,flu1 ,,covid
1 ,monkey ,pox1 ,mal>ia1 ,d5gue1 etc4

,y don't ne$ any"o else1 l a politician 
or a fam|s sci5ti/1 to ratify = y ab glo
bal w>m+;1,,y| ,,,"k x is "h,' & ,,x ,,h
as ,,>riv$4,& y al "k t we >e too late t
o prev5t global temp}atures f escalat+ b
y ! 5d ( ? ye> to m ?an #b degrees ,cels
ius4

,we >e alr too late4

,b ac to _m p1 especially 9 ! ,we/1 !y w
ond} h{ x "e came to ? 9 ! f/ place4 ,wa
sn't "! any w>n+8 ,did n |r sci5ti/s1 ph
ysici/s1 a/ronom}s1 et ;al41 expect ?1 &
 did n !y try to /op u f mak+ ! planet ,
e>? a massive tomb or c(f9 = ! :ole ( hu
mank9d8 ,! book 2+ review$ td writt5 by 
ace-j|rnali/ & rese>*} ,na?aniel ,ri* 9=
ms y t ~? sci5ti/s,,did,'w>n ! ,e>? & al
l xs _m c.tries ab ,global ,w>m+ n only 
9 ! crucial decade ( #aigh to #aihi1 b e
v5 way back 9 ! #aidjs & #aiejs1 j :5 ,_
w ,w> ,,ii came to a cata/rophic 5d ) ! 
atomic bomb+ ( ,hiro%ima & ,nagasaki4

,!ydidw>n |r p{}s t be1 :o 7 repres5t+ |
r 9t}e/s1 b :o c>$ m = tempor>y %ort-t}m
 ga9s & _! retire;t plans ?an |r future4
 ,~! p{}s t be1 9clud+ politicians1 dire
ctors ( major fossil fuel companies1 9fl
u5tial millionaires1 9t}na;nal gov}n;t (
ficials1 & globally a3laim$ sci5ti/s1 h 
*os5 to ignore ! signs r ?an imple;t dra
/ic life/yle & policy *anges to save |r 
planet ,- |r only home1 reg>d.s ( :at ,e
lon ,musk may say4 ,ev5 if ,m>s or :at"e
 manages to 2 coloniz$ by humank9d "o "d
1 x / w n 2 any?+ close to |r lives "h o
n ,"m ,e>?4

,& we h ru9$ x1 says ? well-rese>*$ & *r
onicl$ book4 ,we've ru9$ |r l;g-t}m *.es
 ( survival = %ort-t}m ga9s1 p}iod4

,b :o 7 ~! /alw>ts :o tri$ to talk s5se 
9to ! masses ( p{}s t 2 :o 7 hold+ ! re9
s to |r future8 ,:at did !y d to make s5
se | ( m"oy crazy politicians & to =ce !
 h&s ( 9t}na;nal gov}n;ts to write "s se
mbl.e ( a ,8policy,0 t{>ds ! clu2$ issue
s ( global w>m+1 climate *ange1 ! hole 9
 ! oz"o lay}1 & ! mass ext9c;n ( |r flor
a & fauna8 ,t is "s?+ tackl$ by ? book1 
mak+ x n only compulsory r1d+ = e human 
2+ on planet ,e>?1 b al = e ,,,igcse1 ib
dp1 z,' & ,a ,levels /ud5t :o has alr be
5 equipp$ "? _! ,,ib & ,,igcse ,,pyp & ,
,myp c|rses ov} _! s*ool ye>s ab 9=ma;n 
reg>d+ global w>m+ & climate *ange & :o 
ne$ to "k ! tru? ab ! p :o mess$ up _! p
res5t z well z _! future4 ,? book w al t
1* !m ab ! h}oes ( ? epic saga try+ to m
ake ! p{}s t 2 see r1son ab ? issue ,- h
}oes l ,rafe ,pom}.e1 ,gordon ,mac,donal
d & ,james ,hans51 :o risk$ _! "w1 _! re
puta;ns1 _! jobs & ultimately at "ts _! 
san;y1 if n _! lives1 to keep ? issue al
ive : !y h su3ess;lly manag$ to d s4 ,t 
is :y we / he> ab x td 9 ? po/-tru? }a &
 ! rise ( ! age ( ,"r-,w+ ,/r;g ,m5 ,pol
iticians globally4

,we >e / gett+ to he> ab global w>m+ & c
limate *ange 2c ! syllabus ( ! ,,ib & ,,
igcse focus on ! same "r f ! ,,pyp1 "r "
? ! ,,myp1 mak+ ! ,9t}na;nal ,bo>d /ud5t
s climate 3sci|s & aw>e ab ! ways & m1ns
 to e6ectively prev5t ! gr{? ( global te
mp}atures & h{ to make ! ,e>? a m h1l?i}
 & less pollut$ place to reside in4 ,ev5
 if /ate & na;nal gov}n;t bo>ds wi% to d
{nplay ? crucial issue1 ! ,,igcse & ,,ib
 bo>ds w n let t happ5 _wwide4

,x is imp}ative t ,9t}na;nal ,ba3alaur1t
e "<,,ib"> /ud5ts >e updat$ ab ! decade 
t has br"| u to ": we >e 9 ? _w1 : is ex
p}i5c+ a climate crisis4 ,8,los+ ,e>?3 ,
a ,rec5t ,hi/ory,0 w focus on ! sci;e1 h
i/ory1 & al ! politics relat$ to ? "picu
l> decade 2t ! ye>s #aigh & #aihi1 z m5;
n$ e>li} 9 ? review4 ,! book is 9=mative
1 5li<t5+1 hi<ly rev1l+1 & expository4

,hi/ory al has to 2 9clud$ z a subject 9
 ? category z ,8,los+ ,e>?,0 t1*es /ud5t
s ab a crucial "t t{>ds ! 5d ( ! #bjth c
5tury t w probably |tlive ! ,hi/ory ( ! 
,fall ( ! ,b}l9 ,wall1 ! fall ( ,communi
/ ,,ussr1 ! assass9a;n ( ,,pm ,rajiv ,g&
hi & ! ,9dia-,paki/an ,k>gil ,w>1 et ;al
41 2c ? topic 9 |r 3tempor>y hi/ory b1ts
 all ! o!rs2 2c x is ab a l;g t}m 3sequ;
e : is tak+ place "r n{ z we sp1k & r1d 
? review 9 full sw+4

,,synopsis_/,,summ>y

,8,h{ to expla9 ! mess we're in8 ,na?ani
el ,ri* rec.ts h{ a crucial decade 0 squ
&}$4 ,8,los+ ,e>?,0 is an important 3tri
bu;n to ! record ( |r he$.s age4,0

,-?????????? ,elizabe? ,kolb}t

"<,au?or ( ! book ,8,! ,six? ,ext9c;n,0"
>

,9 ! book ,8,los+ ,e>?3 ,a ,rec5t ,hi/or
y,0 by ,na?aniel ,ri*1 we f/ come acr a 
few sci5ti/s :o >e 9/ru;tal 9 ! =ma;n ( 
! 9itial ,*>ney ,report 3c}n+ ,global ,w
>m+ to 2 tak5 up z a ,gov}n;t ,issue _ww
ide & = policy deci.ns to 2 made on ! sa
me4 ,fur!rmore1 ,james ,hans51 a nondesc
ript physici/1 analyzes 8 alt}native pla
net _w simula;ns1 rev1l+ t by ! ye> #bjj
j ,a4,d41 ! ,e>?'s global temp}atures wd
 h ris5 by #b degrees ,celsius1 exce$+ !
 normal temp}atures suitable = ! planet4
 ,ev5tually 2c ( ?1 sev}e climate *anges
 wd 5sue al;g ) ! rise ( flood wat}s1 lo
ss ( coa/al l&masses1 massive 5viron;tal
 haz>ds l major e>?quakes1 hurricanes1 v
olcanic }up;ns & tsunamis & all ? wd ne$
.s foll{ al;gside ! complete melt+ ( ! p
ol> icecaps : wd cause a major hole 9 ! 
oz"o lay} & wors5 ! gre5h|se e6ect on ! 
planet l1d+ to sev}e rise 9 temp}atures4
 ,! mo/ 4he>t5+ aspect ( ,james ,hans5's
 pr$ic;ns is t1 despite ,we/}n develop$ 
c.tries1 prim>ily ! ,,usa1 2+ responsibl
e = mo/ c>bon emis.ns & fossil fuel depl
e;n & use1 x is develop+ & "udevelop$ c.
tries t w be> ! brunt ( ! adv}se e6ects 
( climate *ange4 ,he1 al;g ) ,rafe ,pom}
.e & ! politician & /atesman ,gordon ,ma
c,donald1 attempt$ to p}suade ! reign+ ,
we/}n & !n global p{}s t 2 to 9itiate a 
policy address+ ? issue1 raise aw>e;s1 &
1 f/ & =emo/1 imple;t a c>bon emis.n tax
4 ,! ,,u presid5ts dur+ ? crucial p}iod1
 "nly1 ,presid5t ,jimmy ,c>t}1 ,presid5t
 ,ronald ,r1gan1 & ,presid5t ,george ,h4
,w4 ,bu%1 all fail$ to prioritize ? issu
e at _! elec;n rallies & respective pres
id5cies to ma9ta9 ! popul> vote4 ,simil>
ly1 9 ! pres5t "t1 no ,presid5t rcvs ! p
opul> vote if !y! p >e tax$ = "s?+ n cur
r5tly visible b : is go+ to happ5 9 ! =e
se1ble future or is a culm9a;n ( v>i|s s
mall} ev5ts4 ,af a s}ies ( negotia;ns1 l
;g ni<ts ( 5d.s 4cus.ns & ev5 "s m be7+ 
ev5 on ! "p ( fossil fuel companies l ,e
xxon to /udy ! matt} fur!r & to at l1/ /
>t ! process ( c>bon emis.n taxa;n to de
t} ! addi;n ( c>bon dioxide 9to ! atmosp
"h ,- ev5tually1 "ey?+ fell a"p dur+ ! r
eign ( ,,u ,presid5t ,george ,h4,w4 ,bu%
4 ,! book notes t ,presid5t ,bu% 0 9itia
lly sympa!tic & aw>e1 b lat} 2came "pial
ly vagrant & wayw>d 9 8 /.e on global w>
m+ & climate *ange4 ,unlike mo/ ,am}ican
s ( ! #aihjs1 he did n 2lieve 9 ! hole 9
 ! oz"o lay}1 & he f.d x di6icult to rel
ate ! same ph5om5on to global w>m+ & cli
mate *ange4 ,! book ,8,los+ ,e>?3 ,a ,re
c5t ,hi/ory,0 9dicates t x took ! ?ree h
}oes ,rafe ,pom}.e1 ,gordon ,mac,donald 
& ,james ,hans5 a lot ( "t1 ef=t & sci5t
ific j>gon made simpl} to 9dicate to ,we
/}n c.tries1 especially ! ,,usa t ! hole
 9 ! oz"o lay} & global w>m+ ) climate *
ange bo? 7 relat$ to "o ano!r6 ,yet1 des
pite ,presid5t ,bu% sympa?iz+ ) ! sci5ti
fic frat}n;y fi<t+ = ? cause1 & ~! 9divi
duals 7 alr 2+ ,8camp$,0 z ! ,8,left ,w+
,0 sci5ti/s ( ! ,,usa1 he rev1l$ t he cd
 d no?+ m* 2c 8 h&s 7 ti$ reg>d+ na;nal 
policy ab "s?+ 9 ! =ese1ble future : cd 
take l;g} ?an ev5 #bj ye>s4 ,presid5t ,b
u% 0 vague ab ! claims ( ,rafe ,pom}.e1 
,gordon ,mac,donald1 & ,james ,hans51 b 
x wd 2 ,john ,sununu :o wd come 9 ! way 
( a f9al d1l reg>d+ a cut 9 ,,u emis.ns4
 ,! book !n %{s u1 9 xs magnific5t & wel
l-craft$ yet h>d-hitt+ af~w1 h{1 f ! #ai
ejs onw>ds1 sci5ti/s & (ficials f fossil
 fuel & oil companies 7 aw>e t "s?+ l gl
obal w>m+ 0 go+ to take place4 ,ironical
ly1 & 9directly1 mo/ ,,u citiz5s1 if n a
ny"o else1 7 aw>e ( ,global ,w>m+ & ,cli
mate ,*ange 2c1 9 q a few newsreels1 mov
ies1 & docu;t>ies ( ! #aidjs & #aiejs1 a
 ref};e 0 alw made to ! same1 especially
 ab 9cr1s+ temp}atures acr ! ,e>?4 ,"o e
xample ( ! movie ,8,! ,un*a9$ ,goddess' 
0 m5;n$ 9 ! book ,8,los+ ,e>?,01 al;g ) 
! crucial dialogue = ! same4 ,yet1 x has
 be5 prov51 says ! af~w1 t by negat+ ! e
xi/;e ( ,global ,w>m+1 we >e prov+ )|t a
ny %ad{ ( a d|bt t we c>e a tupp;e = ! l
ives ( |r s-call$ ,8*n & *n's *n & _! *n
 9 turn,04 ,x is sad1 x is murky1 b x is
 r1l ,- ! grte/ fraud human;y has "e com
mitt$ ,- probably ! mo/ hair-rais+ "o ( 
all1 is t we refuse to 2lieve t ac;ns h 
3sequ;es4 ,especially ac;ns ag/ ! 5viron
;t4 ,! 5d ( ! book signals = u to *ange 
|r life/yle *oices = ! sake ( ! planet ,
- n j to alt} |r habits1 b to funda;tall
y *ange |r way ( life1 : wd ev5 m1n to r
id |rvs ( ! 3v5i;es ( |r "ey"d exi/;e="e
4 ,o!rwise1 x is c}ta9 t ! wat}s ( ! ,e>
? w rise & probably l ! fam|s photograph
 ( "o ( |r book's h}oes1 ,gordan ,mac,do
nald f ,4cov}y1 we w wit;s by ! ye> #bjc
j ! horror ( see+ ! ,wa%+ton ,monu;t "uw
at}2 & probably we'll at la/ make t trip
 to ! ,gr& ,canyon1 b |r sea vessel w 2 
float+ ov} x6

,= m 9=ma;n on :at t e>li} capitaliz$ ,,
="e m1ns ab ! life/yles t we %d !n 2 =c$
 to adopt z human 2+s = |r survival1 pl1
se ref} to my book review ( ! #bjbj ,boo
k} ,prize ,%ortli/$ book ,8,! ,new ,wild
};s,0 by ,diane ,cook on my lit}>y blog;
19sane{l4com4

,8,? deeply rese>*$1 deeply felt book is
 an ess5tial addi;n to ! canon ( climate
 *ange lit}ature4 ,o!rs h docu;t$ ": we 
>e & speculat$ ab ": we mi<t 2 h1d$1 b !
 /ory ( h{ we got "h is p}h ! mo/ import
ant "o to 2 told1 2c x is bo? a cau;n>y 
tale & an unf9i%$ "o4,0

,-?????????? ,jona?an ,safran ,fo}

"<,au?or ( ! book ,8,eat+ ,animals'">

,,book ,,analysis

,8,in ? book1 ,na?aniel ,ri* demon/rates
 exquisitely h{ %all{ ! debate ( a deep 
problem ,- ! planet>y scale & civiliza;n
al 3sequ;es ( climate *ange ,- exac}bate
s ! problem4 ,we >e / a l;g way f ?9k+ a
b climate *ange 9 ! multi-c5tury frame w
e ne$ to d1l ) r1li/ically4 ,gett+ "! w 
2 a new skill = human;y1 if we get "!4,0

,-?????????? ,/ew>t ,br&

"<,au?or ( ! book ,8,:ole ,e>? ,4cipl9e,
0">

,8,i urg5tly app1l1 !n1 = a new dialogue
 ab h{ we >e %ap+ ! future ( |r planet4 
,we ne$ a 3v}sa;n : 9cludes "ey"o1 s9ce 
! 5viron;tal *all5ge we >e "ugo+1 & xs h
uman roots1 3c}n & a6ect u all4 ,! _wwid
e ecological move;t has alr made 3sid}ab
le progress & l$ to ! e/abli%;t ( num}|s
 organiza;ns committ$ to rais+ aw>e;s ( 
~! *all5ges4 ,regrettably1 _m ef=ts to s
eek 3crete solu;ns to ! 5viron;tal crisi
s h prov$ 9e6ective1 n only 2c ( p{};l o
pposi;n b al 2c ( a m g5}al lack ( 9t}e/
4 ,ob/ruc;ni/ attitudes1 ev5 on ! "p ( 2
liev}s1 c range f d5ial ( ! problem to 9
di6};e1 non*alant resigna;n1 or bl 3fid;
e 9 te*nical solu;ns4 ,we require a new 
& univ}sal solid>;y4 ,z ! bi%ops ( ,s|!r
n ,africa h /at$3 8,"ey"o's tal5ts & 9vo
lve;t >e ne$$ to r$ress ! damage caus$ b
y human abuse ( ,god's cr1;n04 ,all ( u 
c coop}ate z 9/ru;ts ( ,god = ! c>e ( cr
1;n1 ea* ac to 8 or h} {n culture1 exp}i
;e1 9volve;ts1 & tal5ts4,0

,-?????????? ,pope ,francis

"<,,laudato ,,si,0 ,9troduc;n #ad-#bb">

,? book1 titl$ ,8,los+ ,e>?3 ,a ,rec5t ,
hi/ory,0 by au?or ,na?aneil ,ri*1 is a "
p ( 3tempor>y #bjth-c5tury hi/ory & ,geo
-,politics ) reg>ds to h{ we've got to ?
 /age ": x is an 9evitabil;y t ! ,e>?'s 
temp}atures w 9cr1se by #b degrees ,cels
ius4 ,no?+ c /op x1 2c ~? c.tries ~: /at
i/ics c tip ! scale >e n 9t}e/$ 9 foll{+
 a r1sonable climate policy = a safe & c
ool} global climate4

,x 0 9t}e/+ to note am;g _m rev1l+ & 9=m
ative facts f ? book t ! c.tries ,9dia1 
! ,philipp9es1 ,gambia1 ,moro3o1 ,e?iopi
a1 ,co/a ,rica & ,bhutan >e ! only c.tri
es 9 ! _w s9ce ! crucial date ( #aigh po
/ ! rel1se ( ! ,*>ney ,report1 :o >e clo
se to limit+ emis.ns at ! level nec to k
eep w>m+ to #b degrees4 ,if we c't prev5
t x f ris+ by #b degrees1 we m/ 5sure it
/ays at #b degreesfrom n{ on1 or we'll f
ace ev5 worse 3sequ;es6

,x 0 al he>t5+ to note t ! only _w l1d} 
until #bjai :o directly address$ global 
w>m+ & climate *ange 0 ! rec5tly dec1s$ 
,pope ,francis1 :o s}v$ z ,pontiff ( ,ro
me f #bjac to #bjbe4 ,9 8 #bjae ,5cyclic
al ,8,laudato ,si,01 he categorically ca
lls ? he9|s act ag/ ,"m ,nature a s9 &1 
9 turn1 gave a sort ( %|t-| to ,ecum5ica
l ,patri>* ,b>?olomew1 al "kn z ! ,8,gre
5 ,patri>*,0 :o is ! ,_sual ,l1d} ( ,or?
odox ,*ri/ians4 ,x 0 ,patri>* ,b>?olomew
 :o f/3

,8444call$ on e liv+ p}son to rep5t = ! 
ecological damage we h 3tribut$1 ,8small
} or grt}1 to ! 4figure;t & de/ruc;n ( c
r1;n,0444444,0

,-?????????? ,na?aniel ,ri*

"<,los+ ,e>?3 ,af~w page #aic">

,x 0 surpris+ to note t only ,pope ,fran
cis & ,patri>* ,b>?olomew 7 ! fam|s 9div
iduals :o op5ly1 9 _! =m ( ,8gov}n;ts'1 
tri$ to make "s ,8policy,0 *anges reg>d+
 ! way at l1/ ! ,ca?olic ,*ur* wd n{ tac
kle ! issue ( global w>m+ & climate *ang
e4 ,x wd 2 equat$ ) s9s ( a s}i|s nature
1 & ,ca?olics wd 2 held a3.table = _! ac
;ns 9 ? reg>d4 ,!y wd al focus _! att5;n
 on address+ ! issue & try+ to less5 glo
bal temp}atures by he$+ ! advice & guid.
e ( 5viron;tal sci5ti/s & o!r 9t}na;nal 
global w>m+ exp}ts4

,! af~w ( ! book ,8,los+ ,e>?3 ,a ,rec5t
 ,hi/ory,0 al call$ |3

,84444! unre/ra9$ ef=ts ( ! fossil fuel 
9du/ry1 comp.d$ by ! 9gratiat+ abet;t ( 
! ,republican ,"py ( ! ,,usa to suppress
 sci5tific fact1 3fuse ! public & bribe 
politicians 9 _! c.try4,0

,-?????????? ,na?aniel ,ri*

"<,los+ ,e>?3 ,a ,rec5t ,hi/ory3 ,afw ,p
age #aha">

,?us1 _m skeletons f v>i|s cupbo>ds 7 le
t loose ~u ! _w "? ? book1 & 9 ? analysi
s giv+ ju/ice to all aspects ( ! text is
 next to impossible = "o simple blog po/
4 ,h{"e1 9 ! 3text ( ! ,,ib & ,,igcse su
bjects ( ,global ,p}spectives1 ,global ,
politics1 ,sociology & ,hi/ory t ,i ! wr
it} ( ? review_/analysis ,fiza ,pa?an am
 will+ & am 2+ tra9$ to t1* at ! ,,ib & 
,,igcse level1 "h >e a few po9ts = analy
sis t c 2 explor$ 9 dep? & c af=d = a br
ief 4cus.n acly3

"<#a"> ,2c ( ! 9cr1s$ ef=ts 9 ! ,,usa s9
ce ! ye> #bjaf to a3el}ate ! use ( ! rem
a9+ m1gre fossil fuels available on ? pl
anet 9 ! =m ( natural gas1 coal & oil1 !
 e/imate ( ,james ,hans5 & o!rs & _! pr$
ic;ns ( ! crucial decade ( #aigh-#aihi c
 2 j turn$ 9to "ey"o's wor/ ni<tm>e4 ,? 
is 2c unlike ! e>li} e/imates1 x is evid
5t n{ t ! us+ up ( fossil fuels w happ5 
soon} ?an expect$1 t no la/+ & issue bas
$ "<s}i|s"> ef=ts >e 2+ made ) reg>ds to
 alt}nate =ms ( 5}gy produc;n l sol> pan
els1 hydroelectric;y1 etc1 & mo/ importa
ntly t ! h1t+ ( ! e>? ) ! ris+ ( flood w
at} levels al;g vuln}able coa/al >1s w t
ake place soon} ?an "e expect$4 ,sadly1 
we w probably 2 wit;s+ |r wor/ liv+ ni<t
m>es ,- ! s1s & oc1ns tak+ ov} by #bjcj1
 gu>ante$4

"<#b"> ,global ,politics ,,ib & ,,igcse 
/ud5ts z well z /ud5ts ( ,global ,p}spec
tives w take note t 9 addi;n to ! fact t
 #aigh-#aihi 0 a crucial ye> 9 climate *
ange hi/ory1 x 0 !n ! job ( sci5ti/s & p
oliticians to try & prove :e!r or n glob
al w>m+ 0 s}i|s or n -"s?+ t w happ5 n{ 
or m* lat} 9 ! future4 ,n{ po/-#bjaf1 ! 
situa;n has turn$ 9to a cacophony ( lies
 ": ! aim is to d5y t ! problem "e exi/$
 9 ! f/ place4 ,am}ican sci5ti/s f ! ,re
publican side h be5 sy/ematically bra9wa
%+ & 4sem9at+ fake sci5tific 9=ma;n reg>
d+ ? issue1 or ! lack ( x1 to suit ! pur
poses ( ! big fossil fuel & oil companie
s1 z well z self & public-de/roy+ /atesm
5 9 (fice4 ,9 fact1 z a ,global ,p}spect
ives "q at ! ,,igcse1 ,i c see 9s}ts reg
>d+ ,climate ,*ange1 coa/al reclama;n ( 
l& by ! sea1 & mass 4place;t1 al;g ) iss
ues relat$ to immigra;n 9 ! ,,usa1 2+ a 
"p ( ! syllabus & a crucial 9t}connect$ 
"q 9 ! ,global ,p}spectives "q pap}4 ,! 
,immigra;n ,policy ( ! ,,usa po/-#bjbe w
 h a vital e6ect1 ac to ,8,los+ ,e>?,01 
~u s"eal ,am}ican /ates1 especially ! /a
te ( ,florida4 ,ag1 ! 9t}connect$ aspect
s ( ,pov}ty1 draconian immigra;n laws1 r
is+ wat} levels due to global w>m+1 etc4
1 c 2 a =ese1ble set ( issues 9 a future
 ,global ,p}spectives ,,igcse or ,o ,lev
els ,pap}4

"<#c"> ,x is n t ! politicians & /atesm5
 ( td >e 3v9c$ t "! is no s* ?+ z ,globa
l ,w>m+4 ,l ,na?aneil ,ri* /ates1 !y hav
ebra9wa%$ "ey"o 9to 2liev+ t !y >e 3fid5
t?at "! is no s* ?+ z global w>m+6

"<#d"> ,": ,sociology is 3c}n$ 9 ,,ib s*
ools at ! ,,ibdp level1 x 0 e>li} 2liev$
 t c.tries l ,9dia & ,*9a did n make a r
1l d5t 9 ! :ole c>bon emis.n cycle busi;
s1 unlike ! ,,usa & o!r ,europ1n c.tries
4 ,h{"e1 x is evid5t t ) ! rise ( urbani
za;n & fur!r mod}niza;n ( ~! c.tries1 _!
 role 9 ? de/ructive cycle c 2 crucial t
o ! ov}all global temp}ature figures com
+ | po/-#bjbe4 ,9 fact1 by #bjbf1 ,*9a w
 surpass ! ,,usa z ! _w's l>ge/ emitt} (
 c>bon emis.ns4

"<#e"> ,= ~? /ud5ts :o wi% to add to _! 
,climate ,*ange 9=ma;n base reg>d+ ! fol
l{+3

#a4 ,a}osol ,pollu;n

#b4 ,8,_w ,3f};e on ! ,*ang+ ,atmosp"h3 
,implica;ns = ,global ,secur;y,0 at ,tor
onto

#c4 ,vi5na ,3v5;n ( #aihe

#d4 ,montr1l ,protocol ( #aihg

#e4 ,! ,,ipcc or ! ,9t}gov}n;tal ,panel 
on ,climate ,*ange

,pl1se ref} to ! non-fic;n book "u |r /u
dy td titl$ ,8,los+ ,e>?3 ,a ,rec5t ,hi/
ory,0 by ,na?aneil ,ri* & get a bird's-e
ye view ( ! respective roles ( ea* 3trib
utor dur+ ? decade :o tri$ to make ! fut
ure m livable4 ,x w add to yr alr adequa
te rep}toire ( collect$ 9=ma;n reg>d+ ! 
same dur+ yr ,,myp & ,,pyp classes4 ,? i
s unique 9=ma;n n usually m5;n$ 9 mo/ o!
r books publi%$ ~! "ds1 nor 9 mo/ onl9e 
9=ma;n res|rces1 nor correctly yet on ,,
ai4

,,book ,,review

,i f.d ! book to 2 unique & revelatory1 
z m5;n$ 2f1 especially ab ! roles ( v>i|
s reports us$ dur+ crucial climate *ange
 & global w>m+ meet+s l ! #aiha /udy by 
,james ,hans5 titl$ ,8,climate impact ( 
9cr1s+ atmosph}ic c>bon dioxide4,0 ,i f.
d all ( ,james ,hans5's reports to 2 5li
<t5+ & n exa7}at$4 ,! au?or ,na?aniel ,r
i* al manag$ to compose ,james ,hans5's 
~ws & explana;n 9 a calm & ,83c}n$ pr(es
sor-l,0 t"o1 : app1l$ to me1 & ,i'm sure
 x w app1l to _m r1d}s ( ! report & rese
>*-/udy por;ns ( ? text4

,! ess5tial episodes dur+ t crucial deca
de l ! publi%+ ( ! #aiha /udy on ,climat
e impact ( 9cr1s+ atmosph}ic c>bon dioxi
de by ,hans5 & o!rs1 ! rel1se ( ! ,*>ney
 ,report1 ! #aihe a jo9t ,,unep_/,,wmo_/
,,icsu ,3f};e on ! 8,assess;t ( ! ,role 
( ,c>bon ,dioxide & ,o!r ,gre5h|se ,gase
s 9 ,climate ,v>ia;ns & ,associat$ ,impa
cts01 #aihh ! ,,wmo e/abli%$ ! ,9t}gov}n
;tal ,panel on ,climate ,*ange ) ! suppo
rt ( ! ,,unep1 etc41 7 h&l$ b1uti;lly & 
susp5se;lly 5 = ! book to r1d alm l an a
pocalyptic ?rill}1 b ) a "wable solu;n a
t ! 5d ( x r ?an j sadi/ic de/ruc;n & *a
os4

,! sc5es ( ! _m global 3f};es 9 t decade
1 2t #aigh & #aihi1 especially 2t #aihe 
& #aihi1 7 craft$ vividly1 & "o cd easil
y picture "ey?+ l an ,,hd mo;n picture )
 s.d e6ects1 etc4 ,t t}rible climax to a
 grt decade ( h>d "w g"o by1 or*e/rat$ b
y ,,u politician ,john ,sununu1 s.d$ 9 !
 book l a d1? knell worse ?an ! "os he>d
 at /ate fun}als 9 ,europe4 ,x 0 an anti
-climax = ! ,,u gov}n;t to negate ! :ole
 idea ( global w>m+ & xs l;g-t}m e6ects4
 ,i cd n 2lieve t we 7 ? close to liv+ )
 |r luxuries & o!r 3v5i;es1 maybe = a v 
l;g "t to come al;g ) |r kids1 b )|t b1t
+ ab ! bu% "<sorry6 r1lly6"> ! la/ nail 
on t c(f9 0 s1l$ by ,sununu ) ! ,republi
can ,bu% ,gov}n;t take x or l1ve x4 ,at 
l1/ ,i give ,presid5t ,bu% cr$it = admit
t+ t he 2liev$ 9 ! cause & ! issue1 b 8 
h&s 7 ti$4

,! sad ?"| f ,presid5t ,bu% is b1uti;lly
 summ$ up by ! au?or 9 ? book1 :o notes 
t ! s}i|s;s ) : ,,u ,presid5ts address !
 ,global ,w>m+ issue spans z l;g z two ,
presid5tial t}ms4 ,presid5t ,b>ack ,obam
a1 to play devil's advocate "h1 al manag
$ to pose hmf z a grt emancipator ( all 
~? :o 7 fi<t+ = ! lo/ cause ( global w>m
+4 ,b ironically1 : ,presid5t ,trump doe
s n fail to hi<li<t 9 8 _m rally spee*es
1 x 0 dur+ ! t5ure ( ,presid5t ,b>ack ,o
bama t ! mo/ significant 3sump;n ( fossi
l fuels took place : |tb1t n only all ! 
previ|s decades g"o by "r s9ce ! ,9du/ri
al ,age1 b x al |tdid all ! h>d "w put 9
to ! #aiijs 9 ! "n ( unit+ ! _w t{>ds cr
1t+ a m gre5} & cl1n} e>?6 ,he ev5 attem
pt$1 l ,presid5t ,cl9ton1 to 9troduce a 
c>bon emis.ns tax 9 ,3gress1 b1 z usual1
 x 0 veto$4 ,to save 8 ,presid5cy f fur!
r h>m1 he back$ | ( tak+ a m decisive /e
p on ,global ,w>m+ & ,climate ,*ange4 ,!
 irony 0 t ,presid5t ,cl9ton & ,presid5t
 ,obama bo? ,democrats _h manag$ to pull
 ! wr;g /r+s j at ! "t :5 ! ,climate iss
ue ne$$ _! grte/ aid3 ,presid5t ,cl9ton 
?"| ( propell+ 8 tax =w>d dur+ ! "t :5 !
 9fam|s ,lew9sky case 0 go+ on2 ,presid5
t ,b>ack ,obama tri$ to d ? dur+ ! v f/ 
ye> ( 8 ,presid5cy :5 ! ,republicans 7 a
lr blam+ hm ) alleg$ m"oy frauds1 etc4

,= m 9=ma;n on ,presid5t ,b>ack ,obama &
 8 ye>s z ,presid5t *eck | my book revie
ws on9sane{l4com( ! foll{+ books,8,! ,au
dac;y ( ,hope,0 by ,b>ack ,obama1,8,a ,p
romis$ ,l&,0 by ,b>ack ,obama1,8,*ange ,
we ,c ,2lieve ,in,0 by ,b>ack ,obama&,8,
to ,obama1 ,) ,love1 ,joy1 ,hate & ,desp
air,0 by ,j1nne ,m>ie ,laskas4

,s ! 5d+ ( ! book ,8,los+ ,e>?,0 0 l a d
1? s5t;e4 ,maybe "o cd say t x is a d1? 
s5t;e 9 lay}s4 ,if wat} levels rise by #
bjcj1 ,_w ,w> ,,iii cd comm;e t ye>1 & s
mall}-scale p&emics1 c|pl$ ) 4a/r|s w1!r
 3di;ns1 wd plague develop+ & "udevelop$
 c.tries4 ,we w (ficially h to *ange m ?
an j |r ;,,ac regulators or ! type ( fri
dges we h 9 |r kit*54 ,we w probably h t
o give up |r te*nologically adv.ed lives
1 z su7e/$ by ,8,los+ ,e>?,01 & rev}t to
 a m basic & primitive /yle ( life1 z (t
5 depict$ 9 sci;e fic;n apocalyptic book
s1 movies1 & n{ ,,ott s}ials4 ,if we r1l
ly1 at ? po9t1 c>e ab |r ,8future g5}a;n
s' & we / s}i|sly want to br+ m *n 9to ?
 cruel _w1 !n we'll h to g back q a bit4
 ,my e/imate wd 2 ": l{} middle class & 
poor citiz5s wd 2 3c}n$ only ( _! c.try1
 3sid}+ ! 9cr1s+ numb} ( detri;tal viral
 & flu 41ses t w plague u1 we bett} %ift
 to ! =ag+ & hunt+ ga!r+ /age or bett} "
s?+ ! way |r #bjth c5tury ,b$|9 frs 9 ,>
abia & ! ,sah>a liv$ _! "ds |4

,i'm n jok+4

,s9ce mo/ ( ! ,,usa w probably 2 subm}g$
1 especially ! grt} "p if n ! :ole ( ! ,
gr& ,canyon >ea1 ,i w "r n{ n 2 9 a posi
;n to det}m9e :at k9d ( life w 2 suitabl
e "! = !m to rec|p2 especially 3sid}+ ! 
turmoil 9 _! political sy/em curr5tly1 b
 ,i wd ag e/imate t x wd h to 2 bas$ on 
m ( an "uwat} c;y4 ,addi;nally1 a m eco-
frly c;y built abv ! skyscrap}s1 : wd 2 
"uwat}1 is a grt idea4 ,utiliz+ m gre5 t
e*nology1 s* z ,8%ip vessels' or ,8li<t-
wei<t subm>9es1,0 wd 2 an e6ective solu;
n4

,i'm s}i|s4 ,i'm giv+ tips t h be5 pond}
$ ~u by pl5ty ( sci5ti/s :o h _! m9ds 9 
! "r place4

,"! is no m "t = damage 3trol2 we >e way
 pa/ t n{4 ,x is "t we a3ept ! 9evitable
 & move on f "!1 despite |r _m "r-w+ /r;
g ,8,i gotta 2 a ma*o man,0 /atesm5 & po
litical l1d}s "<n{ my favorite #aihjs b&
1 ,village ,p1 is play+ 9 my h1d6 ,si<6"
>4 ,x w 2 t|<1 b x w 2 9evitable :5 ! wa
t}s come1 let al"o any?+ else4

,a few tips f ,8,los+ ,e>?,0 = ,,ib & ,,
igcse ,global ,p}spectives & ,global ,po
litics /ud5ts = _! projects "<,,io,'s"> 
& exam pap}s3

  "9 ,exxon1 ,,%ell & o!r fossil fuel & 
oil companies did />t by try+ to aid ! 9
ve/iga;n & aw>e;s campaign ab ,global ,w
>m+1 b turn$ back = a r1son n totally de
f9able or def9ite1 at l1/ = |r ?ree h}oe
s & _! t1m "<,rafe ,pom}.e1 ,gordon ,mac
,donald & ,james ,hans5 ,- we m/ n"e =ge
t ~! true ,,usa h}oes6">4 ,h{"e1 x is id
5tifiable t ! mo;t ! ,"r ,w+ ,republican
 ,sci5ti/s1 or r fake sci5ti/s1 />t$ d{n
play+ ! ,global ,w>m+ issue to ! public1
 we  sudd5ly saw t ~! big oil companies 
back$ (f f _! e>li} 9t5d$ proposals4
  "9 ,! ,,u presid5ts m5;n$ 9 ? book >e 
n 2+ demoniz$2 9/1d1 ! book & xs writ} >
e try+ to put ?+s 9to p}spective4 ,! tru
? is1 !y 7 m}ely victims ( _! popul> vot
e bank & _! {n ambi;ns to keep _! t5ures
 & s1ts at all co/s1 "? ?ick & ?91 ev5 i
f t m1nt t ! oz"o lay} 0 gett+ ?9n} & ?9
n}6 ,a special %|t-| n"e!.s to only "o ,
,u ,presid5t :o at l1/ t{>ds ! 5d ( 8 ,p
resid5cy z well z lat} dur+ ! try+ t5ure
 ( ,presid5t ,ronald ,r1gan1 manag$ to 9
=m n only ,am}ica b al ! :ole _w ab ,glo
bal ,w>m+ & xs _m af e6ects ,- ,presid5t
 & ,humanit>ian ,jimmy ,c>t} is t ,presi
d5t & x is he>t5+ h{ he lat*$ on to ? & 
tri$ to c>ry x =w>d4 ,! :ole situa;n %d 
h cropp$ up 2f #aigh1 2f ,jimmy ,c>t}'s 
t5ure 0 sp5t focus+ on re/or+ a s5se ( m
oral;y to bo? dome/ic & =eign policy fol
l{+ ! traumas ( ! ,vietnam ,w> & ,wat}ga
te4 ,if ,,ib & ,,igcse /ud5ts especially
 f ! bu/l+ ,,ib & ,,igcse s*ool ( ,pod> 
,9t}na;nal1 ,santacruz manage to delve m
 9to ! life & "ts ( ,presid5t ,jimmy ,c>
t} r ?an only ! _m foibles ( 8 su3essors
1 we c get a lot ( use;l mat}ial = |r pr
ojects & !sis pap}s1 especially 9 ,globa
l ,p}spectives & n{ /rangely1 ev5 9 a ,,
ibdp subject l ,5gli% ": ! ,,io project 
is focus$ on ! comp>ative /udy ( a novel
 or a set ( poems1 an >t"w & !n a major 
global issue4 ,:at cd 2 a major common f
actor 9 mo/ fic;n novels ( ! "d1 9clud+ 
~? dat+ f ! ,europ1n ,9du/rial ,age1 o!r
 ?an ,global ,w>m+8
  "9 ,d n 3sid} t any policy n{ c keep !
 ,e>?'s temp}ature f 9cr1s+ by #b degree
s4 ,x is happ5+ & probably 2f ? ye> #bjb
e 5ds1 we w n only sadly 2 a full #b deg
rees hott} z a planet1 b we'll immly 2 m
ov+ onto cov}+ ! next half a degree lap 
& by #bjbg we'll 2 ano!r degree hott}4 ,
! book ,8,los+ ,e>?,0 has be5 try+ to 9d
icate t #e degrees ,celsius is ! d1? s5t
;e1 & m irresponsible use & ev5 wa/age (
 fossil fuels ) no su/a9able develop;t 9
 si<t w 2 ! d1? ( |r species2 p}iod4
  "9 ,a significant debate took place du
r+ ! critical p}iod f #aihj to #aihe1 z 
detail$ 9 ! book1 to 3firm a temp}ature 
rise t wd 2 ,8"wable,04 ,yes1 al? ,james
 ,hans5 _h bluntly /at$ #b degrees1 x 0 
debat$ :e!r s* a s}i|s rat+ %d 2 %>$ ) !
 ,,u public or if a m al>m+ rat+ %d 2 %>
$ to 5sure t "s s}i|s;s wd 2 tak5 9 ? ma
tt}6 ,af 9itially deviat+ f #b degrees t
o #a4e1 !n to only #a1 : wd 2 totally 9c
orrect1 & f9ally to #b4e1 : fr1k$ "s ( !
 ,,u fossil fuel companies |1 we ev5tual
ly came back to a safe #b degrees rise 9
 global temp}atures4 ,! po9t is t x cd 2
 m1 s9ce #b degrees 0 j an e/imate at ! 
5d ( ! "d1 n exactly a sci5tific fact6 ,
b def9itely1 x won't 2 less ?an t1 sadly
4
  "9 ,9 ! field ( ,global ,p}spectives &
 ,sociology1 x is pa9;l1 z m5;n$ 2f1 to 
note t ! p wor/ a6ect$ by ,global ,w>m+ 
>e ! p :o cd n"e af=d to emit s m* c>bon
 emis.ns 9 ! f/ place4 ,~! c.tries 2+ am
;g ! poore/1 ! c.tries 9clud+ ,9dia w 2 
sev}ely a6ect$ by ! af %ocks ( sev}e ,gl
obal ,w>m+ 9clud+ rise 9 sea levels1 m 3
tagi|s & debilitat+ flus & f"es a6ect+ !
 popula;n1 m pollu;n1 hygi5e & sanita;n 
issues1 flood+1 }ratic monsoons1 sev}e r
a9s1 cities 2com+ m pollut$1 ! urban air
 2com+ unbr1?able etc4 ,! poor w 2 mo/ a
6ect$4 ,9 ,9dia1 ! h1t is excruciat+ :5 
temp}atures rise abv #dj degrees ,celsiu
s at noon4 ,moreov}1 ! humid;y dur+ ! mo
nsoons exac}bates ! h1t1 mak+ ! w1!r rem
a9 hot1 if n hott}4 ,? makes liv+1 "w+1 
& /udy+ 3di;ns next to impossible & agon
iz+4 ,z m slums gr{ 9 cities & o!r urban
 >1s1 tra6ic issues w escalate to a po9t
 ": x w 2 imp}ative to seek ! aid ( "s b
illionaires to />t cr1t+ "s air vehicles
 to r1* a place ( "w or /udy on "t6 ,) n
o alt}native b to rema9 9 ,9dia1 3sid}+ 
! immigra;n issues tak+ place _wwide1 ! 
future ( global w>m+ w only rattle ! b"o
s ( ! poor1 :o alr >e sk9 & b"os 2c ( h>
d%ip1 dire de/itu;n1 & 9num}able na;nal 
budget issues4
  "9 ,3sid} o!r m9imali/ic & simpli/ic m
odes ( liv+ t >e 3g5ial ) ! ,e>?1 "*iz$ 
by less te*nology & m su/a9abil;y4 ,! "t
 has come = u to embrace ?1 especially t
o protect |r future *n f d1dly airborne 
viral & flu ail;ts1 "picul>ly ~? born af
 ,g5 ,2ta4 ,_! 3/itu;n won't 2 z gd z |r
s4 ,s !y w 2 susceptible to d1dly viruse
s t w plague |r _m na;ns1 n to m5;n ! *r
onic & le?al air pollu;n t w plague |r a
tmosp"hs po/-#bjcj4 ,"s 3c}n$ p>5ts w ev
5 3sid} 4b&+ f ,8r1l life,0 to retr1t to
 ! rema9+ =e/s1 jungles1 & woodl&s = ! s
ake ( _! *n's h1l? & well-2+4 ,i h>dly ?
9k "ey"o w commit mass suicide :5 s* an 
ev5tual;y comes up2 humans >e v a3ommoda
t+ & adju/able animals ,- ,i hope6
  "9 ,/udy ! atmosp"h ( ,v5us l ,dr4 ,ja
mes ,hans51 ev5 if y don't h a simulator
 or a simulat$ 5viron;t4 ,r1lize1 z y /u
dy1 especially ,,ibdp /ud5ts1 t ,v5us 0 
v m* l ,e>? m ?an ! ways we h le>nt 9 |r
 old ,sci;e or ,,uoi ,,pyp classes1 l ! 
fact t !y >e bo? ! same size1 !y bo? h a
n atmosp"h1 !y bo? >e rocky 9n} planets1
 !y bo? h cl|ds1 etc4 ,!y al %>e comp>ab
le atmosp"hs ) complex w1!r sy/ems4 ,h{"
e1 ,v5us's atmosp"h is va/ly di6}5t due 
to a runaway gre5h|se e6ect t makes x ! 
hotte/ planet 9 ! sol> sy/em4 ,v5us's ?i
ck1 c>bon dioxide atmosp"h traps h1t1 cr
1t+ an extreme gre5h|se e6ect & scor*+ s
urface temp}atures t c melt l1d1 mak+ x 
! hotte/ planet 9 ! sol> sy/em4 ,"o f9e 
"d1 ! planet emitt$ too m* c>bon dioxide
 9to ! atmosp"h4 ,x did n wait = m to 2 
emitt$ :5 ! total gre5h|se e6ect took ho
ld ( ! planet1 mak+ x an extremely hot &
 unlivable planet at an unbelievably fa/
 rate1 l :at x is td4 ,) ! loss ( oc1ns 
& ! abs;e ( ,plate ,tectonics1 massive &
 su/a9$ volcanism rel1s$ l>ge am.ts ( ,,
co#b1 & ! lack ( wat} recycl+ 3tribut$ t
o ,v5us 2com+ a hot1 un9habitable ball (
 l&4 ,/rangely 5|<1 x 0 once livable l ,
e>?1 b ! planet's surface 0 resurfac$ )9
 ! la/ #ejj million ye>s1 mak+ x di6icul
t to f9d evid;e ( anci5t 3di;ns4 ,sci5ti
/s use comput} models & simula;ns to "u/
& h{ ,v5us evolv$1 ) /udies su7e/+ t a n
e>-global resurfac+ ev5t cd h be5 ! turn
+ po9t 9 ,v5us' hi/ory4 ,z an ,,ib or ,,
igcse ,,pyp /ud5t :o has /udi$ ,sci;e or
 ,,uoi 9 ! pa/1 ! situa;n ! ,e>? is 9 td
 is v simil>4 ,if we hit t #e-degree ris
e 9 temp}ature m>k1 we may 2come ! next 
,v5us4
,i want to m5;n "h a heirloom ( |r %>$ 3
tempor>y pa/ & a major "p ( ? book4 ,=m}
 ,vice ,presid5t ;,al ,gore's 3tribu;n t
o ! climate *ange issue has be5 a signif
icant focus1 : we laud$ 9 #bjjf :5 8 doc
u;t>y movie ,8,an ,9conv5i5t ,tru?,0 air
$ _wwide & /unn$ u 9to a d1?ly sil;e4 ,w
e !n r1liz$ h{ s}i|s ? issue cd 2 & :o 0
 "pially complicit 9 hid+ ! facts f u4 ,
h{"e1 "! 7 _m 9/.es dur+ ! latt} por;n (
 ! #aihjs ": ;,al ,gore's /.e on ,global
 ,w>m+ & ,climate ,*ange 0 n cle>ly >tic
ulat$ by hm p}sonally or by 8 aides or m
$ia /aff4 ,we c see "h t politics & econ
omic ga9 h alw trump$ ! climate4 ,al1 no
t)/&+ t ;,al ,gore hmf is a hi<ly 3trov}
sial ,,u ,political figure & an 9conv5i5
t tru? 9 hmf1 x is applaud wor?y ( hm to
 h g"o | ( 8 way to put 2f a l>g} por;n 
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"<;b"> ,5viron;t1 pollu;n1 & 3s}va;n

,,3clu.n

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global ,w>m+ = decades to ev5 pop />s l 
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book to "u/& t if y g5u9ely c>e ab ,8|r 
future g5}a;ns'1 ? is |r la/ *.e4

,,special ,,note

,if y >e 9t}e/$ 9 m book reviews1 9die a
u?or 9t}views1 book analyses1 %ort /ory 
analyses1 poems1 essays1 essay analyses1
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e{l4com4 ,if y >e 9t}e/$ 9 pur*as+ my bo
oks1 y c *eck !products page( my blog or
 on,amazon4 ,"! is a lot ( gd /uff to bu
y6 ,happy r1d+ to y alw6

~c#bjbe ,fiza ,pa?an